Alterations in liver enzymes in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Authors

  • Adiga U Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Karwar Institute of Medical Sciences, Karwar, Karnataka, India.
  • Malawadi B Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Karwar Institute of Medical Sciences, Karwar, Karnataka, India.

Keywords:

Hepatic Enzymes, Diabetes Mellitus, Risk of liver disorders

Abstract

Introduction: Liver plays an important role in regulation of blood glucose in fed state as well as in fasting. Diabetes mellitus can result as a consequence of liver disorder and vice versa. Objective of our study is to compare the liver enzymes in type 2 diabetic patients as compared to non-diabetic patients. Methodology: A case- control study was conducted in the Department of Biochemistry, Karwar Institute of Medical Sciences, Karwar from January 2015 to December 2015. We collected the data of 54 diabetic patients and 57 healthy people as controls. Random blood glucose, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine amino transferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were estimated in the study subjects. Results: We found that AST levels (33.38±2.19 U/L) in diabetics extremely significantly high as compared to controls (24.82 ± 0.95 U/L). ALT levels were also extremely significantly high in diabetics, 27.69±1.96 U/L as compared to 19.32±1.22 U/L in controls. Correlation study showed a weak positive correlation between AST, ALT and blood glucose. Odds ratio showed a higher risk of liver disorder in diabetics. Conclusion: Diabetics had high liver enzymes as compared to non-diabetics. An association was found between type 2 diabetes mellitus and liver enzymes.For better characterization of cause and effect, further studies need to be done on alterations in liver function tests along with the histopathological analysis of liver biopsy samples.

References

de Marco R, Locatelli F, Zoppini G, Verlato G, Bonora E, Muggeo M. Cause-specific mortality in type

Balkau B, Eschwège E, Ducimetière P, Richard JL, Warnet JM. The high risk of death by alcohol related diseases in subjects diagnosed as diabetic and impaired glucose tolerant: the Paris Prospective Study after 15 years of follow-up. J Clin Epidemiol. 1991; 44(6):465- 74.

Trombetta M, Spiazzi G, Zoppini G, Muggeo M. Review article: type 2 diabetes and chronic liver disease in the Verona diabetes study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2005 Nov; 22 Suppl 2:24-7.

Belcher G, Schernthaner G. Changes in liver tests during 1-year treatment of patients with Type 2 diabetes with pioglitazone, metformin or gliclazide. Diabet Med. 2005 Aug; 22(8):973-9.

Lebovitz HE, Kreider M, Freed MI. Evaluation of liver function in type 2 diabetic patients during clinical trials: evidence that rosiglitazone does not cause hepatic dysfunction. Diabetes Care. 2002 May; 25(5):815-21.

LevinthalGN,TavillAJ.Liver disease and diabetes mellitus.Clin Diabetes 1999 ; 17:73.

Marchesini G, Brizi M, Bianchi G, Tomassetti S, Bugianesi E, Lenzi M, McCullough AJ, Natale S, Forlani G, Melchionda N. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a feature of the metabolic syndrome. Diabetes. 2001 Aug; 50(8):1844-50.

American diabetes association (ADA).Standards of medical care in diabetes -2016.Diabetes care 2016; 39(1): S1-S106.

Bergmeyer HU, Hørder M, Rej R. International Federation of Clinical Chemistry (IFCC) Scientific Committee, Analytical Section: approved recommendation (1985) on IFCC methods for the measurement of catalytic concentration of enzymes. Part 2. IFCC method for aspartate aminotransferase (Laspartate: 2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase, EC 2.6.1.1). J Clin Chem Clin Biochem. 1986 Jul; 24(7):497-510.

Wolf PL, Williams D, Coplon N, Coulson AS. Low aspartate transaminase activity in serum of patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis. Clin Chem. 1972 Jun; 18(6):567-8.

Tietz NW, Rinker AD, Shaw LM. IFCC methods for the measurement of catalytic concentration of enzymes Part 5. IFCC method for alkaline phosphatase (orthophosphoric-monoester phosphohydrolase, alkaline optimum, EC 3.1.3.1). J Clin Chem Clin Biochem. 1983 Nov; 21(11):731-48.

Hultcrantz R, Glaumann H, Lindberg G, Nilsson LH. Liver investigation in 149 asymptomatic patients with moderately elevated activities of serum aminotransferases. Scand J Gastroenterol. 1986 Jan; 21(1):109-13.

Harris MI, Flegal KM, Cowie CC, Eberhardt MS, Goldstein DE, Little RR, Wiedmeyer HM, Byrd-Holt DD. Prevalence of diabetes, impaired fasting glucose, and impaired glucose tolerance in U.S. adults. The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994. Diabetes Care. 1998 Apr; 21(4): 518-24.

Gupte P, Amarapurkar D, Agal S, Baijal R, Kulshrestha P, Pramanik S, Patel N, Madan A, Amarapurkar A, Hafeezunnisa. Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2004 Aug; 19(8):854-8.

Paola PS,KennethC.Treatment of NAFLD in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Clinical diabetes & Endocrinology 2016;2:9.

Sheth SG, Gordon FD, Chopra S. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Ann Intern Med. 1997 Jan 15; 126(2):137-45.

Andersen T, Gluud C. Liver morphology in morbid obesity: a literature study. Int J Obes. 1984; 8(2):97-106.

Kern WH, Heger AH, Payne JH, DeWind LT. Fatty metamorphosis of the liver in morbid obesity. Arch Pathol. 1973 Nov; 96(5):342-6.

Nasrallah SM, Wills CE Jr, Galambos JT. Hepatic morphology in obesity. Dig Dis Sci. 1981 Apr; 26 (4):325-7.

Downloads

Published

2023-12-31

How to Cite

Adiga, U. S., & Malawadi, B. (2023). Alterations in liver enzymes in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Biomedical Review: Journal of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, 3(1), 141–144. Retrieved from https://biomedicalreview.in/index.php/jbams/article/view/27

Issue

Section

Original Research Article

Similar Articles

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.